Performance Around The Clock

In episode 40 of the Performance Around The Clock podcast, we are joined by Dr. Emily Manoogian, a leading clinical researcher focused on optimizing human health through the timing of food intake (time-restricted eating) and circadian rhythm regulation.  Dr. Manoogian was recently honored with the Young Investigator Award for her seminal studies on circadian disruption among shift workers and interventions to mitigate its effects. We begin the episode by defining the complex reality of shift work—whether fixed, rotating, or split shifts—and how working outside typical hours challenges the human body.

Dr. Manoogian and Panda explore the cascading health effects of "circadian disruption," distinguishing between acute annoyances and chronic risks that build up over months and years. Dr. Manoogian explains how being active and eating when the body expects rest can lead to insulin resistance, cardiovascular disease, mood disorders, and even increased cancer risk. We also discuss the broader societal impacts, from the "social jetlag" affecting students and new parents to the unique stressors faced by frontline workers like firefighters and nurses.

The conversation highlights actionable science, focusing on the "Healthy Heroes" study conducted with San Diego firefighters. Dr. Manoogian shares how Time-Restricted Eating (TRE)—limiting food intake to a 10-hour window—significantly reduced VLDL (bad cholesterol). reduced blood sugar levels, improved blood pressure and improved emotional stability in this high-stress population. Dr. Manoogian is currently studying a different shift work group with the ongoing "Shift Study" for nurses, which is using continuous glucose monitoring to test if optimizing meal timing and low-glycemic snacks can protect the cardiometabolic health of night-shift workers.

Please join us for this vital discussion on optimizing health for those who keep our society running around the clock. If you enjoy this episode, please like, comment, or follow. Thanks for listening.

Guest:
Dr. Emily Manoogian
Hillblom Fellow, Staff Scientist at the Salk Institute for Biological Studies
Young Investigator Award Winner, Working Time Society

myCircadianClock website:
www.mycircadianclock.org

Healthy HEROES study:
https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9536325/

SHIFT study:
Participate by emailing:
[email protected]

Host:
Dr. Satchin Panda
X (Twitter): @SatchinPanda
https://x.com/SatchinPanda
Instagram: @satchin.panda
https://www.instagram.com/satchin.panda/

Links:
Donations: https://panda.salk.edu/giving/
Research: https://www.salk.edu/scientist/satchidananda-panda/

More science: ⁠https://mycircadianclock.org/⁠

In episode 39 of the Performance Around The Clock podcast, we are joined by Professor Alex Webb from the University of Cambridge, a leading expert in plant cell signaling and circadian clocks.  The episode was recorded at the XVIII Congress of the European Biological Rhythms Society in Lubeck, Germany.  Professor Webb shares his journey from psychology to plant physiology, discussing how a shared inspiration from researcher Andrew Miller led both him and also host Dr. Satchin Panda into the field of circadian rhythms.

We explore the foundational history of biological clocks, starting with the 18th-century "wine cellar" experiment by De Mairan that first proved plants possess an internal oscillator. Professor Webb explains the complex behaviors of plants, such as the "yin and yang" of diurnal and nocturnal flowering to match pollinators, and the phenomenon of "sweaty plants"—how the circadian clock regulates stomata to balance carbon intake with water loss. We also discuss the metabolic math plants perform to survive the night, a process that explains why pumpkins actually grow in the dark. The conversation turns to "chronoculture," a concept focused on using circadian knowledge to optimize agriculture and meet the urgent goal of doubling food production by 2050. We examine how humans have inadvertently selected for clock mutations in crops like tomatoes and wheat—specifically the L3 gene—to adapt them to new environments. Finally, we discuss the "Plants for Space" program and how innovations in vertical farming for the International Space Station can teach us how to build sustainable, closed-loop food systems for our own "spaceship," Earth.

Please join us for this fascinating discussion on the rhythms of the plant world. If you enjoy this episode, please like, comment or follow. Thanks for listening.

Guest:
Dr. Alex Webb
Head of Circadian Signal Transduction Group
University of Cambridge

Profile:
https://www.plantsci.cam.ac.uk/directory/alex-webb

BlueSky:
https://bsky.app/profile/alexwebblab.bsky.social

Host:
Dr. Satchin Panda
X (Twitter): @SatchinPanda
https://x.com/SatchinPanda
Instagram: @satchin.panda
https://www.instagram.com/satchin.panda/

Links:
Donations: https://panda.salk.edu/giving/
Research: https://www.salk.edu/scientist/satchidananda-panda/
More science: ⁠https://mycircadianclock.org/⁠

Episode 38 of the Performance Around the Clock features another guest from the XVIII Congress of the European Biological Rhythms Society in Lubeck, Germany. We are joined by Professor Andrew Miller, a Professor at the University of Edinburgh and the Chair of the Systems Biology Center for Engineering Biology. Professor Miller is a seminal figure in plant biology whose early work served as the inspiration for host Dr. Satchin Panda to enter the field of plant circadian rhythms.In this episode, we explore Professor Miller’s scientific journey, beginning with his fascination with interacting genetic systems and his move to New York to study plant-microbe symbiosis. The conversation highlights his groundbreaking development of rhythmic bioluminescence using the luciferase protein to visualize the plant clock in real-time. This innovation allowed researchers to identify the genes building the plant clock without killing the specimens, a technique that revolutionized the field.We dive into the critical role the circadian clock plays in agriculture, from measuring day length to trigger flowering to helping crops like barley adapt to the unique growing seasons of Scotland. Professor Miller also explains the fascinating connection between the clock and metabolic timing, detailing how plants use their internal timer to manage starch degradation overnight to avoid starvation before dawn.The discussion moves toward the future of the field, including the creation of "digital twins" through mathematical modeling to predict how specific genomes will perform in various climates. We also touch upon Professor Miller's work with the UK government's ACRE committee, advising on the policy and safety of genetically edited crops to meet the challenges of climate change and food security. Please join us for this wide-ranging and inspiring conversation. If you enjoy this episode, please like, comment, or subscribe. Thanks for watching.Guest:Dr. Andrew MillerUniversity of EdinburghProfessor of Systems BiologyChair of the Systems Biology Center for Engineering BiologyPaper highlight:Circadian clock mutants in Arabidopsis identified by luciferase imaginghttps://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/7855595/Host:Dr. Satchin PandaX (Twitter): @SatchinPandahttps://x.com/SatchinPandaInstagram: @satchin.pandahttps://www.instagram.com/satchin.panda/Links:Donations: https://panda.salk.edu/giving/Research: https://www.salk.edu/scientist/satchidananda-panda/More science: ⁠https://mycircadianclock.org/⁠

Episode 37 of the Performance Around the Clock comes from the XVIII Congress of the European Biological Rhythms Society in Lubeck, Germany.  We welcome Professor Anna Krook, a Professor of Integrative Physiology at the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and chair of the Strategic Research Programme in Diabetes at Karolinska Institutet.  Professor Krook is an internationally recognized leader in metabolism, skeletal muscle and insulin biology. 

In this episode, we discuss Professor Krook’s research journey, which began with her Ph.D. work on insulin and the insulin receptor gene, identifying rare mutations that cause severe inherited insulin resistance. She then focused on the dysregulation of insulin action seen in Type 2 diabetes, noting that muscle is the main site where insulin action goes wrong.  The conversation dives into the fascinating role of the circadian clock in regulating insulin, glucose, and muscle.  Dr. Krook explains that while healthy muscle mitochondria show a functional rhythm that peaks in the afternoon, this crucial rhythm is absent in muscle cells from people with Type 2 diabetes.  We cover her landmark study showing that for type 2 diabetic men doing high-intensity interval training, exercise in the afternoon led to lower blood glucose control and a beneficial "legacy effect" the next day. In contrast, morning exercise resulted in higher blood glucose levels for that entire day and the next. This negative effect may be linked to higher inflammatory markers and stress markers circulating in the plasma after morning exercise.  Please join us for an insightful conversation between Dr. Satchin Panda and Dr. Krook on optimizing exercise timing for metabolic health. If you enjoy this episode, please like, comment or follow. Thanks for listening.

Guest:
Dr. Anna Krook
Karolinska Institutet
Professor of Integrative Physiology
Chair of the Strategic Research Programme in Diabetes

Profile:
https://ki.se/en/people/anna-krook
Integrative Physiology group:
⁠https://ki.se/en/fyfa/integrative-physiology⁠

Paper highlight:
Afternoon exercise is more efficacious than morning exercise at improving blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomised crossover trial
⁠https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30426166/⁠

Host:
Dr. Satchin Panda
X (Twitter): @SatchinPanda
https://x.com/SatchinPanda
Instagram: @satchin.panda
https://www.instagram.com/satchin.panda/

Links:
Donations: https://panda.salk.edu/giving/
Research: https://www.salk.edu/scientist/satchidananda-panda/
More science: ⁠https://mycircadianclock.org/

Episode 37 of the Performance Around the Clock comes from the XVIII Congress of the European Biological Rhythms Society in Lubeck, Germany.  We welcome Professor Anna Krook, a Professor of Integrative Physiology at the Department of Physiology and Pharmacology and chair of the Strategic Research Programme in Diabetes at Karolinska Institutet.  Professor Krook is an internationally recognized leader in metabolism, skeletal muscle and insulin biology. 

In this episode, we discuss Professor Krook’s research journey, which began with her Ph.D. work on insulin and the insulin receptor gene, identifying rare mutations that cause severe inherited insulin resistance. She then focused on the dysregulation of insulin action seen in Type 2 diabetes, noting that muscle is the main site where insulin action goes wrong.  The conversation dives into the fascinating role of the circadian clock in regulating insulin, glucose, and muscle.  Dr. Krook explains that while healthy muscle mitochondria show a functional rhythm that peaks in the afternoon, this crucial rhythm is absent in muscle cells from people with Type 2 diabetes.  We cover her landmark study showing that for type 2 diabetic men doing high-intensity interval training, exercise in the afternoon led to lower blood glucose control and a beneficial "legacy effect" the next day. In contrast, morning exercise resulted in higher blood glucose levels for that entire day and the next. This negative effect may be linked to higher inflammatory markers and stress markers circulating in the plasma after morning exercise.  Please join us for an insightful conversation between Dr. Satchin Panda and Dr. Krook on optimizing exercise timing for metabolic health. If you enjoy this episode, please like, comment or follow. Thanks for listening.

Guest:
Dr. Anna Krook
Karolinska Institutet
Professor of Integrative Physiology
Chair of the Strategic Research Programme in Diabetes

Profile:
https://ki.se/en/people/anna-krook
Integrative Physiology group:
https://ki.se/en/fyfa/integrative-physiology

Paper highlight:
Afternoon exercise is more efficacious than morning exercise at improving blood glucose levels in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomised crossover trial
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30426166/

Host:
Dr. Satchin Panda
X (Twitter): @SatchinPanda
https://x.com/SatchinPanda
Instagram: @satchin.panda
https://www.instagram.com/satchin.panda/

Links:
Donations: https://panda.salk.edu/giving/
Research: https://www.salk.edu/scientist/satchidananda-panda/
More science: https://mycircadianclock.org/